GLOSSARY --> D

Morning Malaysian :')
Today, new glossary in shipping for word D . Let's we check ~ Heee :D
D & HDangerous and Hazardous. (Also see "Dangerous Goods")
D.W.Dead Weight. The number of tons a ship can transport of cargo, stores and bunker fuel. (Also see "Deadweight Tonnage")
Dangerous GoodsThe term used by I.M.C.O. for hazardous materials which are capable of posing a significant risk to health, safety or property while being transported.
DDCDestination Delivery Charges. A charge assessed by the carrier for handling positioning of a full container.
Dead SpaceSpace in a car, truck, vessel, etc., that is not utilized.
Deadweight Tonnage (D/W)The number of total weight tons that a vessel can transport of cargo, stores and bunker fuel. It is the difference between the number of tons of water a vessel displaces "light" and the number of tons it displaces when submerged to the "load line."
Dedicated Unit TrainAn unit train operated by various railroads for exclusive usage.
Delivery OrderA document authorizing delivery to a nominated party of goods in the care of a third party. Can be issued by a carrier on surrender of a bill of lading and then used by the merchant to transfer title by endorsement.
Depot ContainerContainer freight station or a designated area where empty containers can be picked up or dropped off.
DestinationThe place where the carrier actually turns over the cargo to consignee or his agent.
DetentionCharges raised for detaining container/trailer at customer premises for longer period than provided in Tariff.
Detention ChargeSee "Detention".
DevanningThe removal of cargo from a container. Also known as unstuffing, unloading or stripping.
DFGDynamic Flow Guidelines -- which is used to control the on-land stock level of each region taking into account of the traffic pattern and local vanning/devanning dwell time. The shortest the dwell time, the lowest the DFG and the more efficient the equipment utilization will be.
Differential RateAn amount added or deducted from base rate to make a rate to or from some other point or via another route.
DiversionA change made in the route of a shipment in transit.
DivertThe route of a shipment changed in transit from that shown on the original billing. Used interchangeably with reconsign.
Dock(a) The water alongside a pier or wharf. (b) Loading or unloading platform at an industrial location or carrier terminal.
Dock ReceiptA form used to acknowledge receipt of cargo at a steamship pier. When delivery of a foreign shipment is completed, the dock receipt is surrendered to the vessel operator or the operator's agent and serves as basis for preparation of the ocean bill of lading.
Door-to-DoorThrough transportation of a container and its contents from consignor's premises to consignee's premises.
Double-Deck LoadA second tier of cargo placed on top of the first tier.
DrayA truck or other equipment designed to haul heavy loads.
DrayageCharge made for local hauling by dray or truck.
Dry CargoCargo that does not require temperature control.
Dry DockAn enclosed basin into which a ship is taken for underwater cleaning and repairing. It is fitted with watertight entrance gates which when closed permit the dock to be pumped dry.
Dry-Bulk ContainerA container constructed to carry grain, powder and other free flowing solids in bulk.
DSTDouble Stack Train. Rail or train capable of carrying two 40' containers, one on top of the other.
Dunnage (Dge.)Lumber or other material used to brace material in carrier's equipment.
Dwell TimeIt is expressed in term of no. of day that a container changed from one status to another e.g. from under inbound load (UIL) to empty available (MTA) to under outbound load (UOL). The shorter the dwell time, the more efficient the container utilization will be.

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TYPES OF SHIP

Hello Malaysian :')
Ahah ! There have some notes about the ship. Not only one or two types of ship but there have a lot types of ship. Can't believe it ? Let's we check the notes ! ~

FREIGHTER	General Cargo Ship	Container Vessel	Classified as unit load ships, carry many types of product
		General Cargo Ship	Includes items which are packed or unpacked. They usually have spacious holds which occupy the larger part of the hull.
	Specialized Cargo Ship	Bulk Carrier Types	Include The Panamax tonnage (50,000-79,999 DWT/routes from east North America, Canada, South Africa, China, India, Sweden and Indonesia/coal and iron ore), The Capesize dry bulk carrier(80,000-170,000 DWT/convey coal and iron ore and are not for fertilizer and grain shipment), The Handymax Ship(35,000-49,999 DWT/routes Balck Sea to Far East, the Far East to Atlantic/coal, iron ore, fertilizer grain, steel slabs, bauxite and alumina)and The Handysize bulk carrier(20,000-34,999 DWT/smaller shipment of a range of bulk cargo types and serving ports of limited draught and berth length/routes Black Sea from Ukraine&Russia to Middle East). Shipment usually under charter and transport ore, coal, coke and building material. Light bulkers carry grain, salt and sugar.
		Coaster	Provided with two holds each supplied with derricks to handle a variety of cargoes, machinery and crew accommodation are aft.
		Product Carrier	4 major divisions: Aframax, Panamax, ‘Handy’ and small. The traditional classes of product carriers are medium-sized or handy product carriers between 30,000 and 50,000 DWT and small sized product carriers between 10,000 and 30,000 DWT. Small sized product are limited to intra-regional markets and vice versa.
		Combi Carrier	A unitized type of cargo carrier combining container and vehicular shipments including ro/ro. Equipped with two derricks of 36 tons and 180 tons thereby aiding the transshipment of heavy indivisible loads.
		Fruit Carrier	Fast voyage times are essential, cool air system installed, containerized.
		OBO (Ore/Bulk/Oil)	Multi-purpose bulk carrier for switching between bulk shipment of oil, bulk grain, fertilizer and ore trades.
		Pure Car and Truck Carrier (PCTC)	Conveyance of cars, lorries/trucks and other wheeled units.
		Refrigerated Vessel	Containerized, multi-deck hull, handling mode is lift on/lift off, have side elevators or side doors.
		Ro/Ro Vessel	Used for transporting motor vehicles and other wheeled equipment, cargo is carried on wheeled containers or trailers.
		Timber Carrier	Have large unobstructed holds and large hatches to facilitate cargo handling, capacity 5,000-20,000 ton, speed 13-15 knots.
		Platform Supply Vessels	Handle the transportation of all necessary equipment. The total support vessel tow drilling rigs, handle anchors, work as fire-fighting vessel and assist in restraining oil pollution.
		Heavy Lift Shipping	Divide into four Semi-submersible heavy lift ships, Conventional heavy lift ships, Tow barges and Dock ship.
	Liquid Cargo Ship	Oil Tanker Tonnage	Categories 1:PREMARPOL, 20,000 and 30,000 tons above, do not comply with protectively located segregated ballast tanks. Categories 2:MARPOL, 20,000 and 30,000 tons above, comply with protectively located segregated ballast tanks. Categories 3:5,000 above but less than categories 1 and 2.
		Ultra Large Crude Carrier (ULCC)	300,000 to 500,000 DWT	Crude oil transported from oilfields to refineries and petroleum and fuel oil from refineries to distribution centers and bunkering ports.
		Very Large Crude Carrier (VLCC)	150,000 to 299,999 DWT
		Suezmax Tanker	120,000 to 149,999 DWT. Associated with crude exports from West Africa  and other markets is North Sea and Mediterranean.
		Aframax Tanker	80,000 to 119,999 DWT. With the exception of the North Sea Aframax crude carrier have exhibited growth on all their trade routes, especially the Caribbean basin and east coast of North America.
		Panamax Tanker	50,000 to 80,000 DWT. Pass through the Panama Canal. Mainly identified with fuel oil cargoes.
		Parcel tanker	Carry chemicals, petroleum products, edible oils and molasses.
		FPSO and FSU	Floating Production Storage and Off Loading Facilities (FPSOs), Floating Storage Unit (FSUs), for bulk liquids and gases.
		Gas Tanker	Transporting liquefied natural gas (LNG), has bilobe tanks, pipeline system connected, can carry  ammonia, butane, propane, methyl chloride and others.
		Product/ Chemical carrier	To convey all petroleum product, crude oil, vegetable oils, molasses and etc. IMO class 2 and 3 cargoes, cargo and equipment are particularly vulnerable to damage from moisture.

PASSENGER SHIPS	Passenger Vessels	They transport people which can include liners ship, cruise ships, coastwise ship and yachts. Designed to carry passengers, cabin accommodation for 12 or less when provided on a short haul service.
SPECIAL TROOP SHIPS	Ferry Fleet	The major advantage is voyage time reduction compared with conventional ferries. 4 main types mono-hull, catamarans, hydrofoils and hovercraft.

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GLOSSARY --> C

Hello Malaysian :')
Today we have new glossary for word C . Here we go ~
C.A.F.Currency Adjustment Factor. Surcharge percentage applied to freight rates to reflect currency fluctuations.
C.B.M. (C.M.)Cubic meter.
C.K.D.Abbreviation for Cars Knocked Down. Automobile parts and subassemblies manufactured abroad and transported to a designated assembly plant. A classification of Third Party International shippers. See Knocked Down.
C.O.D.Collect (cash) on Delivery; Carried on Docket (pricing); Change of Destination.
Cargo manifestA manifest that lists only cargo, without freight and charges.
CarrierAny individual, company or corporation engaged in transporting goods.
CellsThe construction system employed in container vessels; permits below ship containers to be stowed in a vertical line with each container supporting the one above it.
Cellular vesselA vessel designed with internal ribbing to permit the support of stacked containers.
Certificate of originDocument certifying the country of origin of goods which is normally issued or signed by a Chamber of Commerce or Embassy.
CFC's (Chlorofluorocarbons)Chemical compounds containing mixtures of carbon, chlorine and fluorine molecules. Because of their stability, lack of flammability and ability to absorb and give up heat readily, CFC's have in the past been popular refrigerants. However, CFC's have been found to contribute to the deterioration of the ozone layer of the upper atmosphere, which is a condition believed to be hazardous to global health. These compounds should not be released into the atmosphere, but should be carefully collected for recycling. Production of CFC's is being phased out by an international convention, the Montreal Protocol.
CFS/CFSA kind of cargo movement by container. Delivered loose at origin point with vanning by carrier, devanned by carrier at destination, and picked up loose at destination.
ChassisA wheeled flat bed or a trailer constructed to accommodate containers moved over the road.
Closing dateLast day on which export cargo can be accepted for a nominated sailing.
Consolidated cargoCargo containing shipments of two or more shippers, usually shipped by a firm called a consolidator. The consolidator takes advantage of lower F.C.L. rates, and savings are passed on to shippers.
ConsolidationThe combination of many small shipments into one container.
ConsolidatorA person or firm performing a consolidation service for others.
ConsortiumGroup of carriers pooling resources in a trade lane to maximize their resources efficiently.
ContainerA receptacle designed to transport cargo of many types in continuous transportation.
Container freight station (CFS, C.F.S.)Consolidation depots where parcels of cargo are grouped and loaded into containers.
Container gross weightPlease refer to Gross Weight.
Container load plan (CLP)A document prepared to show all details of cargo loaded in a container, e.g. weight (individual and total), measurement, markings, shippers, consignees, the origin & destination of goods, and location of cargo within the container.
Container numberThe unique identification of a container.
Container seal numberThe number of high security seals provided by OOCL.
Container sizeThe length of a container i.e. 20'', 40'' and 45'' (feet).
Container terminalAlso refered to as a Container Yard (CY). A facility that receives full export containers from one shipper to loading the vessel and delivers full import containers to the consignee after; it is the same location where ocean vessels are loaded & unloaded.
Container typeThe purpose of a container of which the code is to be adhered to ISO standard.
ContainershipAn ocean vessel specifically designed to carry ocean cargo containers. It is fitted with vertical cells for maximum capacity.
Controlled atmosphere (CA)An atmosphere in which oxygen, carbon dioxide and nitrogen concentrations are regulated, as well as temperature and humidity.
Cu.Cubic. A unit of volume measurement.
Cubic foot1,728 cubic inches.
Custom houseA country Treasury Department office where duties, etc., on foreign shipments are handled.
Customs bonded warehousea public or privately owned warehouse where dutiable goods are stored pending payment of duty or removal under bond. The storage or delivery of goods are under the supervision of customs officers and if the warehouse is privately owned the keeper has to enter into a bond as indemnity in respect of the goods deposited, which may not be delivered without a release from the customs.
Cut-off timeLastest possible time the cargo may be delivered to the vessel or designated point.
Cwt.Hundredweight (U.S.A., 100 pounds; United Kingdom, 112 pounds).
CYContainer Yard. See "Container Terminal".
CY/CFSCargo loaded in a full container by a shipper at origin, delivered to pier facility at destination, and then devanned by the carrier for loose pick up.
CY/CYCargo loaded by the shipper in a full container at origin and delivered to the carrier's terminal at destination for pick up intact by consignee.

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GLOSSARY --> B

Hello Malaysian :)
New glossary for word B .
Bill of lading (B/L)
Official legal document representing ownership of cargo, a negotiable document to receive cargo, and the contract for cargo between the shipper and the carrier.
Block train
Railcars grouped in a train by destination so that segments (blocks) can be uncoupled and routed to different destinations as the train moves through various junctions. Eliminates the need to break up a train and sort individual railcars at each junction.
Blocking or bracing
Wood or metal supports to keep shipments in place or on railcars.
Bls.
Bales. A kind of customary packing unit.
Bobtail
Movement of a tractor, without trailer, over the highway.
Bona fide
In good faith.
Booking number
A reference number for bookings registered. It should be unique without duplication for a three-year period.
Bow
The front of a vessel.
Box
Common term for an ocean going freight container.
Boxcar
A closed freight car.
BPS
Business Process and Systems - section within ISD responsible for implementation of IRIS-2 and user support in system and business processes.
Break-bulk cargo
Goods shipped loose in the vessel hold and not in a container.
British Thermal Unit (BTU)
The amount of heat required to produce a temperature change of one degree Fahrenheit in one pound of water.
Bulk carriers
A vessel carrying dry, liquid, grain, not packaged, bundled or bottled cargo, and is loaded without marks & number or count.
Bull rings
Cargo-securing devices mounted in the floor of containers; allow lashing and securing of cargo.
Bunker surcharge (BAF, BSC)
Bunker Adjustment factor (BAF), or Bunker Surcharge (BSC) are surcharges assessed by the carrier to freight rates to reflect current cost of bunker.
Bunkers
Heavy oil used as fuel for ocean vessels.

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GLOSSARY -- > A

Hello bloggers :)
In a world of shipping, there have shipping glossary.
Accreditation
Certification by duly recognized body of the facilities, capability, objectivity, competence, and integrity of an agency, service, or operational group or individual to provide the specific service or operation needed. For example, the Registrar Accreditation Board accredits those organizations that register companies to the ISO 9000 series standards.
Ad Valorem
In proportion to the value.
Agent (Agt.)
A person authorized to transact business for, and in the name of, another person or company.
AMS
Automated Manifest System. An application that expedites the clearance of cargo for the subsequent release of containers when imported to the U.S. through electronic submission of cargo manifests in lieu of bulk paper manifests.
Arrival notice
An advice that the carrier sends to the consignee advising of goods coming forward for delivery. Pertinent information such as BL number, container number and total charges due from consignee etc, are included and sent to consignee prior to vessel arrival. This is done gratuitously by the carrier to ensure smooth delivery but there is no obligation by the carrier to do so. The responsibility to monitor the transit and present himself to take timely delivery still rests with the consignee.
Awkward cargo
Cargo of irregular size that can either be containerized (packed in container) or non-containerized (without equipment associated with) during transportation. It requires prior approval on a case by case basis before confirmation of booking.
Axle load
Maximum load permitted to be carried on each axle of a motor vehicle.

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FUNCTION OF SHIPPING

Hello bloggers .
Function of shipping – conveyance of goods from where the utility is low to a place where it is higher.

Challenge Facing Future Outlook

• Ø Liberation of trade
• Ø The need to improve the productivity
• Ø Increase trading blocs opening market
• Ø Oil shortage
• Ø Labor shortage
• Ø Piracy
• Ø Supply chain security
• Ø Climate change

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THE CABOTAGE POLICY

Hello bloggers :)

The Malaysian Government has implemented a policy which reserves the transportation of goods in the domestic trades to ship flying the Malaysian Flag. This policy was necessary because only a small number of Malaysian registered ships were playing the coastal routes. The policy which reserves the domestic trade to its own flagged vessels is known as Cabotage Policy. It was implemented in Malaysia on 1 January 1980. To implement the policy, the Merchant Shipping Act 1952 (MSO 1952) was amended.

With the amendment to the Merchant Shipping Act 1952, the Government provide for the appointment of a Domestic Shipping Licensing Board (DSLB) to regulate and control the licensing of ship engaged in domestic shipping between any port in Malaysia. The purpose is to encourage local participation in domestic by encouraging local registration of ships and local incorporation  of companies participating  in domestic shipping.

The rationale of the cabotage policy can be seen as part and parcel of the government's policy objectives of;

i.       Making Malaysia a maritime nation;

ii.    Reducing the country's dependence on foreign ships by increasing the level ofparticipation in Malaysia international and coastal shipping business;

iii.   Engaging in shipping commitments through bilateral, regional and other trade agreements;

iv.  Training and development of Malaysians in technical, professional and commercial aspects of   shipping business, especially in regard to the Malaysianization of floating staffand support to higher educational institutions.           

 Domestic Shipping  as defined under the Merchant Shipping Ordinance 1952 means the shipment of goods or passenger:

a.                     from any port or place in Malaysia to another port or place in Malaysia, or

b.                     from any port or place in Malaysia to any place in then exclusive economic zone or vice versa,and includes the towing and pushing in the cabotage trade, a license, per vessel, is required by aMalaysia citizen or company. The DLSB issues three types of license, namely:

Ø  Unconditional

Ø  conditional; and

Ø  temporary

Unconditional license is granted to a Malaysian entity in respect of  a Malaysia flagged vessel on the condition that it:

a.  is qualified to own a Malaysian flagged vessel according to the law stipulated for owninga Malaysian ship;

b.   has 30% bumiputra participation in terms of equity, directorship and office staff; and

c.   employs 75% Malaysian citizen as ratings on the vessels

In order to own a Malaysian ship the person(s) must be a Malaysian citizen(s) or corporation, which satisfy the following requirements:

i.      the corporation is incorporated in Malaysia;

ii.     the principal office of the corporation is in Malaysia;

iii.    the management of the corporation is carried out mainly in Malaysia;

iv.    the majority, or if the percentage is determined by the Minister, then the percentage so determined, of the shareholding, including the voting share, of the corporation is held by Malaysian citizen free from any trust or obligation in favor of non-Malaysian; and

v.     the majority, or if the percentage is determined by the Minister, then the percentage so determined, of the directors of the corporation are Malaysian citizen.

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MAJOR TYPES OF SHIP

Hello bloggers :')Here are the major types of ships :

1) Container Ship

2) Bulk : Roll on / Roll off

3) Barges Ship

4) Bulk Carrier Ship

5) Bulk : Tanker

6) Refrigerated Ship

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LOGISTICS IN THE MIDDLE ?

Morning bloggers :')Did you hear about the logistics ? Maybe some of you has hear about the logistics but maybe some of you don't know about the logistics. It's okay it's alright. We will give info about the logistics.
Meaning of Logistics : Part of the supply chain process that plans, implements and controls the efficient and effective flow and storage of goods, services and related information from point of origin to point of consumption in order to meet customer requirement -Council of Logistics Management (CLM)

This image is view between distribution@transportation, logistics and supply chain. This three term are inter related. Without this three term, the logistics can't work better. There's a lot of activities in this three term. Everyday this three term will play in the world. Without logistics, we will not get what we want such as consumer goods. Hope you all can understand about the logistics . We will update again :) Thank you .

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HERE WE GO ---->

Hello bloggers :)Alhamdulillah, finally this blog has ready to show all the info about world of shipping. First of all, this blog actually is our project assignment for Innovation subject. Thanks to our lecturer Sir Adham because this is his project. So we must make him proud with our project assignment. In this blog, we will give a lot of info about the world of shipping. There's a lot thing you should know about shipping. Beside that, our task not only blog but there have another one which is we must teach student semester 5 for this topic. Maybe it hard for us but we try with our best for this task. Hope you all can support us with this topic. InsyaAllah we will always update this blog. Thanks for supporting us :)

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